Neda Sayfipour Omshi; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
IntroductionIn recent years, people around the world have been exposed to the Coronavirus and its aftermath. It seems that paying attention to Corona is important from a psychological point of view, despite quarantine and social distance, observing double hygiene, using masks and health advice, and changing ...
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IntroductionIn recent years, people around the world have been exposed to the Coronavirus and its aftermath. It seems that paying attention to Corona is important from a psychological point of view, despite quarantine and social distance, observing double hygiene, using masks and health advice, and changing people's lifestyles in general. More than two years after the outbreak of the Coronavirus and the infection and death of many people around the world as a result of the virus, a wave of psychological pressure has swept through communities. Corona anxiety seems to be one of the most common problems and challenges in societies after the occurrence and spread of corona. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy and distress tolerance in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety. MethodThis is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The statistical population consists of adults aged 20 to 45 years who answered the questionnaires electronically in cyberspace (by sharing the questionnaire link in WhatsApp and Telegram groups). From these individuals, 291 samples were selected using the existing method for the structural model. The time of the research was September 2021. Instruments were Snyder's 12-item life expectancy questionnaire, the 18-item Corona Anxiety Scale, the 15-item Simmons and Gahr Distress Scale, and the 17-item Scherer General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson torque correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling technique with SPSS version 24 and AMOS software. Bootstrap analysis based on Macro Preacher and Hayes (2008) was also used to test the significance of indirect paths. ResultsThe results showed that the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety in individuals was significant. Mediator analyzes showed that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety. While the mediating role of distress tolerance in the relationship between life expectancy and corona anxiety was not significant in individuals and this means that distress tolerance does not mediating role in the relationship between these two variables and distress tolerance cannot change the relationship between corona anxiety and life expectancy. ConclusionBased on the results of the present study, it seems that self-efficacy can reduce corona anxiety by affecting life expectancy because this study showed that although increasing corona anxiety does not change life expectancy; however, life expectancy improves with increased self-efficacy despite increased corona anxiety. On the other hand, the results of this study showed that distress tolerance does not play a role in corona anxiety and life expectancy, which means that increasing or decreasing distress tolerance does not change the relationship between corona anxiety and life expectancy.
Abdol Naser Javan Mojarrad; Ali Akbar Sheikhi Fini; Hosein Zeinipour; Abbas Abolghasemi
Abstract
Purpose of study: the first aim of this study is to investigate the association between quality of curriculum and academic engagement. The second aim is to study the extent to which psychological self-efficacy can mediate this association. Method: to study our hypotheses, samples of 600 undergraduate ...
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Purpose of study: the first aim of this study is to investigate the association between quality of curriculum and academic engagement. The second aim is to study the extent to which psychological self-efficacy can mediate this association. Method: to study our hypotheses, samples of 600 undergraduate students of university of Guilan were recruited by simple random sampling technique. Participants were asked to complete scales on quality of curriculum, academic engagement and psychological self-efficacy. Results: Pearson correlation analysis showed that there is a positive significant relationship between quality of curriculum and academic engagement. Moreover, path coefficients of structural equation modeling revealed that the direct effect of quality of curriculum on academic engagement is significant. Furthermore, it supported the mediating role of psychological self-efficacy in the association between quality of curriculum and academic engagement. Practical Implications: In case the quality of curriculum in the University of Guilan is enough good, psychological self-efficacy of students would be potentially good factor to further develop their academic engagement. Originality: this study suggests quality of curriculum and psychological self-efficacy as two main variables contributing students to develop their academic engagement.
Hasan Soleimani Rad; Abas Abolghasemi; Iraj Shakerinia
Abstract
Introduction: Intermittent explosive disorder appears in the social context and in response to social stimuli. Probably, processing social stimuli and responding to them in different social contexts, has an important role in this disorder and Affects its symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study ...
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Introduction: Intermittent explosive disorder appears in the social context and in response to social stimuli. Probably, processing social stimuli and responding to them in different social contexts, has an important role in this disorder and Affects its symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on social cognition in adolescents with intermittent explosive disorder.Method: The present study is a field experiment with pretest-posttest design. The number of 38 students with intermittent explosive disorder were selected through Targeted sampling and They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The two groups at the beginning and the end of the study responded to the questionnaire for screening of intermittent explosive disorder and social stories. During the ten sessions, the experiment group came under the intervention of behavioral cognitive therapy every week.Findings: the results of ANCOVA analysis showed that behavioral cognitive therapy was effective on improving social cognition and reducing the symptoms of intermittent explosive disorder. Behavioral cognitive therapy has been effective on improving the steps of encoding signs, representing and interpreting information, and choosing response. But there was no effect on the steps involved in clarifying the objectives and in finding possible answers.Result: It seems that by using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and generalizing them to various social tissues, it is possible to improve the social cognition of people with Intermittent explosive disorder that act as an inhibitory capacity to prevent the symptoms of this disorder in social tissues.
